The successful original device manufacturing (ODM) outsourcing model that has reduced prices for PCs and low-end servers is
poised to make its way up into the data center, and Advanced Micro Devices Inc.'s (AMD's) Opteron chip will come along for
the ride, said executives from Sanmina-SCI Corp. in an interview Thursday.
PC vendors have been outsourcing manufacturing and some design functions to Taiwanese companies for years, and that production
model has enormous cost-cutting potential for vendors of large enterprise servers, said Don Johnson, executive vice president
for enterprise computing and storage systems at Sanmina-SCI, based in San Jose, California.
Sanmina-SCI recently acquired Newisys Inc., a server design company, to add expertise it needs to strengthen its position
as a manufacturer and designer of various types of hardware. Newisys rose to prominence as one of the primary server design
companies to work with AMD's new Opteron server processor, but its team of designers have experience with RISC (reduced instruction
set computing) and Intel Corp. servers, and will be used on all types of enterprise servers that Sanmina-SCI can offer its
customers, Johnson said.
Sanmina-SCI purchased the company in July for an undisclosed amount, and Newisys will operate as a wholly-owned subsidiary
of Sanmina-SCI.
For Newisys, the deal allows them to place a billion dollar company behind their Opteron servers, alleviating the concerns
of potential buyers who might have been scared off by the company's small size, said Phil Hester, chief executive officer
of Newisys. And Sanmina-SCI will be able to offer high-quality Opteron servers to large vendors that want to support the chip,
Johnson said.
Servers based on Opteron will eventually make their way into the heart of the data center, although that will probably take
two to three years, Hester said. Companies will adopt one-way and two-way Opteron servers for applications like Web hosting
at first, and move the processor into larger servers with heavier workloads as independent software vendors develop more applications
for Opteron's 64-bit capabilities, he said.
In order for this to happen, AMD will need to improve the scalability of the Opteron beyond eight processors, Hester said.
Sanmina could build an eight-way Opteron server, but it doesn't scale very well beyond that size due to the current cache
design of the Opteron, he said.
Opteron's 1M-byte Level 2 cache size is low compared to that of chips used in large enterprise servers, such as Intel's Xeon
MP or Itanium. Those chips feature up to 2M bytes of Level 2 cache on the Xeon MP, and up to 6M bytes of Level 2 cache on
the newest Madison Itanium 2 processors. Cache allows the processor to store frequently accessed data close to the processor,
reducing the amount of time needed to process an instruction compared to the time it would take to retrieve that data from
the main memory.
One-way, two-way and four-way servers don't require as much cache, said Nathan Brookwood, principal analyst for Insight 64
in Saratoga, California. Because AMD used a high-speed memory interface based on the Hypertransport standard, the chip's overall
performance is competitive with Intel's Xeon DP processor, he said.
Eventually, AMD will have to address the cache issue by increasing the size of the cache, as well as the method by which the
processor manages cache coherency, Brookwood said.
A single chip within a multiprocessor system needs to verify that the piece of data it is requesting from the main memory
is not present in the cache of another chip. With Opteron, each chip is responsible for making sure that data is not found
on one of its neighbors, while in other multiprocessor systems, a centralized chip monitors the cache contents of all the
processors, Brookwood said.
AMD will have several years to develop Opteron chips for larger systems, and is currently working on that technology, Hester
said.
As a partner of both original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) like IBM Corp., and end-user customers, Sanmina is in a unique
position to discuss the IT market. The overall market for IT products is improving, but corporations haven't started to reinvest
in IT as hoped, Johnson said.
However, at some point, this will change, he said.
"People have to figure out how to remain more competitive, and that will mean increased investment in technology. Companies
worry about the productivity of their sales forces, or the efficiency of their supply chain. There's never going to be a permanent
pause in trying to become competitive," Johnson said.
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